Lectures
Laboratory activities
Discussion groups
Readings from scientific journal articles
Projects (e.g. poster presentations, research papers, group presentations)
1. OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
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Introduction to the processes involved in development
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Key questions that developmental biologists try to answer
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Introduction to commonly used experimental approaches
2. OVERVIEW OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL GENE REGULATION
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Cis vs. trans regulation
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Identification and characterization of core promoters, enhancers, silencers, boundary elements/insulators and locus control regions
3. BREAKING SYMMETRY
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Symmetrical vs. asymmetrical development
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Maternal effect genes
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Transition from maternal to zygotic gene expression
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Establishing the dorsal-ventral axis
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Establishing the anterior posterior axis
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Establishing the left-right axis
4. MORPHOGEN GRADIENTS
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Formation of a gradient
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Drosophila species segmentation genes (maternal effect, gap, pair rule and segment polarity)
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Transcription factor binding affinity
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Combinatorial control
5. BODY PLAN ORGANIZATION
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Introduction to homeotic genes
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Homeobox cluster duplications and evolution
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Apoptosis
6. REGULATION OF EXPRESSION BY NON-CODING RNA MOLECULES
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Isometric vs. allometric growth
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Introduction to heterochronic genes
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Identification of regulatory RNA molecules
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Formation and function of short non-coding RNA molecules (e.g. microRNAs, piRNAs and snoRNA)
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Formation and function of long non-coding RNA molecules
7. CELL FATE PLASTICITY
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Introduction to cell fate specification
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Specified vs. determined cell fates
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Necessary vs. sufficient transcription factors expression
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Maintenance of gene regulation through mitosis (e.g. polycomb and trithorax proteins)
8. SEX DETERMINATION AND DOSAGE COMPENSATION
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Genetic basis for sex determination
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Introduction of the concept of gene dosage
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Strategies for dosage maintenance
9. EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE AND IMPRINTING
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Introduction to epigenetics
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Introduction to genomic imprinting
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Role of DNA methylation in expression
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Environmentally induced epigenetic changes
Upon completing this course students should be able to:
- explain the basic principles underlying animal developmental regulation
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explain the complex processes needed to turn a single cell into a whole organism
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describe how proteins, RNA and DNA interact to control the on/off state of gene expression
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describe the processes involved in organizing a developing embryo
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explain how the scientific method is used to answer questions relating to developmental biology
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analyze scientific data, interpret them in the proper context, formulate hypotheses, and design future experiments that build upon the data studied
Evaluation will be carried out in accordance with ÌÇÐÄvlog´«Ã½policy. The instructor will present a written course outline with specific evaluation criteria at the beginning of the semester. Evaluation will be based on the following:
Evaluation |
Marks |
Quizzes and/or assignments |
10-20 |
Term project |
20-30 |
Laboratory activities |
10-20 |
Term examination 1 |
20-30 |
Term examination 2 |
20-30 |
TOTAL |
100 |
Students should consult the ÌÇÐÄvlog´«Ã½Bookstore for the latest required textbooks and materials.
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